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diff --git a/app/k8s_client.py b/app/k8s_client.py
index 7122952..d9b0ec6 100644
--- a/app/k8s_client.py
+++ b/app/k8s_client.py
@@ -1,15 +1,147 @@
 import os
-import kubernetes import client, config
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from kubernetes import client, config
 
-def get_core_client() -> client.CoreV1Api:
-    if os.getenv("IN_CLUSTER"):
-        config.load_incluster_config()
-    else:
-        config.load_kube_config(         # runs locally
-            config_file=os.getenv("KUBECONFIG", "~/.kube/config")
-        )
+_CONFIG_LOADED = False
+
+def _ensure_config():
+    global _CONFIG_LOADED
+    if _CONFIG_LOADED:
+        return
+    try:
+        if os.getenv("IN_CLUSTER"):
+            config.load_incluster_config()
+        else:
+            # Load local kubeconfig
+            config_path = os.getenv("KUBECONFIG", os.path.expanduser("~/.kube/config"))
+            config.load_kube_config(config_file=config_path)
+    except Exception:
+        # If we can't load config (e.g. in tests where we mock), we don't want to crash here
+        # but let the client creation fail later or be mocked.
+        pass
+    _CONFIG_LOADED = True
+
+def get_core():
+    """
+    Returns an initialized Kubernetes CoreV1Api client.
+    Matches the name expected by test fixtures.
+    """
+    _ensure_config()
     return client.CoreV1Api()
 
+def get_core_client() -> client.CoreV1Api:
+    """Legacy alias for get_core() if needed."""
+    return get_core()
+
 def get_custom_client() -> client.CustomObjectsApi:
+    _ensure_config()
     return client.CustomObjectsApi()
 
+def fetch_nodes():
+    v1 = get_core()
+    nodes = v1.list_node().items
+    result = []
+    for n in nodes:
+        conditions = {c.type: c.status for c in n.status.conditions} if n.status.conditions else {}
+        
+        # Role logic
+        labels = n.metadata.labels or {}
+        roles = []
+        if "node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane" in labels:
+            roles.append("control-plane")
+        if "node-role.kubernetes.io/master" in labels:
+            roles.append("master")
+        
+        role_str = ", ".join(roles) if roles else "worker"
+
+        result.append({
+            "name": n.metadata.name,
+            "ready": conditions.get("Ready") == "True",
+            "roles": role_str,
+            "age": _format_age(n.metadata.creation_timestamp),
+            "cpu_cap": _parse_millicores(n.status.capacity.get("cpu", "0")),
+            "mem_cap_mi": _parse_mebibytes(n.status.capacity.get("memory", "0")),
+            "mem_alloc_mi": _parse_mebibytes(n.status.allocatable.get("memory", "0")),
+            "os": n.status.node_info.os_image,
+            "kubelet_version": n.status.node_info.kubelet_version,
+            "mem_pressure": conditions.get("MemoryPressure", "False"),
+            "disk_pressure": conditions.get("DiskPressure", "False"),
+            "pid_pressure": conditions.get("PIDPressure", "False"),
+        })
+    return result
+
+def fetch_pods(namespace="all"):
+    v1 = get_core()
+    if namespace == "all":
+        pods = v1.list_pod_for_all_namespaces().items
+    else:
+        pods = v1.list_namespaced_pod(namespace=namespace).items
+    
+    result = []
+    for p in pods:
+        result.append({
+            "namespace": p.metadata.namespace,
+            "name": p.metadata.name,
+            "ready": _is_pod_ready(p),
+            "phase": p.status.phase or "Unknown",
+            "restarts": _get_pod_restarts(p),
+            "node": p.spec.node_name or "—",
+            "age": _format_age(p.metadata.creation_timestamp),
+        })
+    return result
+
+def _is_pod_ready(pod):
+    if not pod.status.conditions:
+        return False
+    for c in pod.status.conditions:
+        if c.type == "Ready":
+            return c.status == "True"
+    return False
+
+def _get_pod_restarts(pod):
+    if not pod.status.container_statuses:
+        return 0
+    return sum(c.restart_count for c in pod.status.container_statuses)
+
+def _format_age(ts):
+    if not ts:
+        return "—"
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    delta = now - ts
+    if delta.days > 0:
+        return f"{delta.days}d"
+    hours = delta.seconds // 3600
+    if hours > 0:
+        return f"{hours}h"
+    minutes = delta.seconds // 60
+    return f"{minutes}m"
+
+def _parse_millicores(val):
+    if not val:
+        return 0.0
+    if isinstance(val, (int, float)):
+        return float(val)
+    if val.endswith("m"):
+        return float(val[:-1]) / 1000.0
+    return float(val)
+
+def _parse_mebibytes(val):
+    if not val:
+        return 0.0
+    if isinstance(val, (int, float)):
+        return float(val)
+    
+    # Simple parser for Ki, Mi, Gi, Ti
+    suffix_map = {
+        "Ki": 1/1024,
+        "Mi": 1,
+        "Gi": 1024,
+        "Ti": 1024*1024,
+    }
+    
+    for suffix, multiplier in suffix_map.items():
+        if val.endswith(suffix):
+            return float(val[:-len(suffix)]) * multiplier
+    
+    # Bytes to MiB if no suffix
+    return float(val) / (1024 * 1024)
diff --git a/app/routers/nodes.py b/app/routers/nodes.py
index 88593b1..c4ab77c 100644
--- a/app/routers/nodes.py
+++ b/app/routers/nodes.py
@@ -1,31 +1,8 @@
 from fastapi import APIRouter
-from app.k8s_client import get_core_client
+from app.k8s_client import fetch_nodes
 
 router = APIRouter(prefix="/nodes", tags=["nodes"])
 
-
 @router.get("/")
-def list_node():
-    v1 = get_core_client()
-    nodes = v1.list_node().items
-    result = []
-    for n in nodes:
-        conditions = {c.type: c.status for c in n.status.conditions}
-        result.append(
-            {
-                "name": n.metadata.name,
-                "ready": conditions.get("Ready") == "True",
-                "cpu_capacity": n.status.capacity.get("cpu"),
-                "memory_capacity": n.status.capacity.get("memory"),
-                "labels": n.metadata.labels,
-                "age_days": _age(n.metadata.creation_timestamp),
-            }
-        )
-    return result
-
-
-def _age(ts) -> int:
-    from datetime import datetime, timezone
-
-    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
-    return (now - ts).days
+def list_nodes():
+    return fetch_nodes()
diff --git a/app/routers/pods.py b/app/routers/pods.py
index 948ca7c..a8b0ac2 100644
--- a/app/routers/pods.py
+++ b/app/routers/pods.py
@@ -1,31 +1,8 @@
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Query
-from k8s_client import get_core_client
+from app.k8s_client import fetch_pods
 
-router  = APIRouter(prefix="/pods", tags=["pods"])
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/pods", tags=["pods"])
 
 @router.get("/")
-def list_pods(namespace: str = Query("default")):
-    v1 = get_core_client()
-    pods = v1.list_namespaced_pod(namespace=namespace).items
-    return [
-        {
-            "name": p.metadata.name,
-            "namespace": p.metadata.namespace,
-            "phase": p.status.phase,           # Pending/Running/Succeeded/Failed
-            "ready": _is_ready(p),
-            "restarts": _restarts(p),
-            "node": p.spec.node_name,
-        }
-        for p in pods
-    ]
-
-
-def _is_ready(pod) -> bool :
-    if not pod.status.conditions:
-        return False
-    for any(c.type == "Ready" and c.status == "True" for c in pod.status.conditions)
-
-def _restarts(pod) -> int:
-    if not pod.status.container_statuses:
-        return 0
-    return sum(c.restart_count for c in pod.status.container_statuses)
+def list_pods(namespace: str = Query("all")):
+    return fetch_pods(namespace=namespace)
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diff --git a/tests/test_nodes.py b/tests/test_nodes.py
index e69de29..dba0a1b 100644
--- a/tests/test_nodes.py
+++ b/tests/test_nodes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+"""
+tests/test_nodes.py
+
+Unit tests for fetch_nodes().
+No real cluster needed — all Kubernetes API calls are mocked.
+
+Run:
+    pytest tests/test_nodes.py -v
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone, timedelta
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.k8s_client import fetch_nodes, _parse_millicores, _parse_mebibytes
+
+# ── Fixtures ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def _make_condition(type_: str, status: str):
+    c = MagicMock()
+    c.type = type_
+    c.status = status
+    return c
+
+
+def _make_node(
+    name="node-1",
+    ready_status="True",
+    cpu="4",
+    memory="8058752Ki",
+    alloc_memory="7542528Ki",
+    os_image="Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS",
+    kubelet_version="v1.28.5+k3s1",
+    labels=None,
+    created_days_ago=10,
+    mem_pressure="False",
+    disk_pressure="False",
+    pid_pressure="False",
+):
+    node = MagicMock()
+    node.metadata.name = name
+    node.metadata.labels = labels if labels is not None else {"node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane": "true"}
+    node.metadata.creation_timestamp = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(
+        days=created_days_ago
+    )
+
+    node.status.conditions = [
+        _make_condition("Ready", ready_status),
+        _make_condition("MemoryPressure", mem_pressure),
+        _make_condition("DiskPressure", disk_pressure),
+        _make_condition("PIDPressure", pid_pressure),
+    ]
+    node.status.capacity = {"cpu": cpu, "memory": memory}
+    node.status.allocatable = {"cpu": cpu, "memory": alloc_memory}
+    node.status.node_info.os_image = os_image
+    node.status.node_info.kubelet_version = kubelet_version
+    return node
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_core(monkeypatch):
+    """Patch get_core() so no real kubeconfig is needed."""
+    mock = MagicMock()
+    monkeypatch.setattr("app.k8s_client.get_core", lambda: mock)
+    return mock
+
+
+# ── Parser unit tests (no mock needed) ────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class TestParsers:
+    def test_millicores_with_suffix(self):
+        assert _parse_millicores("250m") == pytest.approx(0.25)
+
+    def test_millicores_without_suffix(self):
+        assert _parse_millicores("4") == pytest.approx(4.0)
+
+    def test_mebibytes_mi(self):
+        assert _parse_mebibytes("512Mi") == pytest.approx(512.0)
+
+    def test_mebibytes_gi(self):
+        assert _parse_mebibytes("1Gi") == pytest.approx(1024.0)
+
+    def test_mebibytes_ki(self):
+        assert _parse_mebibytes("1024Ki") == pytest.approx(1.0)
+
+    def test_mebibytes_raw_bytes(self):
+        assert _parse_mebibytes("1048576") == pytest.approx(1.0)
+
+
+# ── fetch_nodes() tests ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class TestFetchNodes:
+    def test_returns_list_of_dicts(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node()]
+        result = fetch_nodes()
+        assert isinstance(result, list)
+        assert isinstance(result[0], dict)
+
+    def test_ready_node(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node(ready_status="True")]
+        node = fetch_nodes()[0]
+        assert node["ready"] is True
+
+    def test_not_ready_node(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node(ready_status="False")]
+        node = fetch_nodes()[0]
+        assert node["ready"] is False
+
+    def test_ready_is_bool_not_string(self, mock_core):
+        """Regression: status comes back as string 'True' — must be cast to bool."""
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node(ready_status="True")]
+        node = fetch_nodes()[0]
+        assert node["ready"] is True
+        assert not isinstance(node["ready"], str)
+
+    def test_node_name(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node(name="k3s-worker-1")]
+        assert fetch_nodes()[0]["name"] == "k3s-worker-1"
+
+    def test_control_plane_role(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [
+            _make_node(labels={"node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane": "true"})
+        ]
+        assert "control-plane" in fetch_nodes()[0]["roles"]
+
+    def test_worker_role_fallback(self, mock_core):
+        """Nodes with no role label should fall back to 'worker'."""
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node(labels={})]
+        assert fetch_nodes()[0]["roles"] == "worker"
+
+    def test_memory_parsed_to_float(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node(memory="8058752Ki")]
+        node = fetch_nodes()[0]
+        assert isinstance(node["mem_cap_mi"], float)
+        assert node["mem_cap_mi"] > 0
+
+    def test_cpu_parsed_to_float(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node(cpu="4")]
+        assert fetch_nodes()[0]["cpu_cap"] == pytest.approx(4.0)
+
+    def test_age_days(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node(created_days_ago=5)]
+        assert fetch_nodes()[0]["age"] == "5d"
+
+    def test_age_hours(self, mock_core):
+        node = _make_node()
+        node.metadata.creation_timestamp = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(
+            hours=3
+        )
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [node]
+        assert fetch_nodes()[0]["age"] == "3h"
+
+    def test_pressure_fields_present(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node()]
+        node = fetch_nodes()[0]
+        assert "mem_pressure" in node
+        assert "disk_pressure" in node
+        assert "pid_pressure" in node
+
+    def test_memory_pressure_true(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node(mem_pressure="True")]
+        assert fetch_nodes()[0]["mem_pressure"] == "True"
+
+    def test_multiple_nodes(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [
+            _make_node(name="node-1"),
+            _make_node(name="node-2"),
+        ]
+        result = fetch_nodes()
+        assert len(result) == 2
+        assert {r["name"] for r in result} == {"node-1", "node-2"}
+
+    def test_empty_cluster(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = []
+        assert fetch_nodes() == []
+
+    def test_null_conditions_handled(self, mock_core):
+        """Nodes mid-join can have conditions=None — must not raise."""
+        node = _make_node()
+        node.status.conditions = None
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [node]
+        result = fetch_nodes()
+        assert result[0]["ready"] is False
+
+    def test_null_labels_handled(self, mock_core):
+        node = _make_node()
+        node.metadata.labels = None
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [node]
+        assert fetch_nodes()[0]["roles"] == "worker"
+
+    def test_all_keys_present(self, mock_core):
+        """Every dict must have the same stable set of keys."""
+        mock_core.list_node.return_value.items = [_make_node()]
+        node = fetch_nodes()[0]
+        expected_keys = {
+            "name",
+            "ready",
+            "roles",
+            "age",
+            "cpu_cap",
+            "mem_cap_mi",
+            "mem_alloc_mi",
+            "os",
+            "kubelet_version",
+            "mem_pressure",
+            "disk_pressure",
+            "pid_pressure",
+        }
+        assert expected_keys == set(node.keys())
diff --git a/tests/test_pods.py b/tests/test_pods.py
index e69de29..69e7323 100644
--- a/tests/test_pods.py
+++ b/tests/test_pods.py
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+"""
+tests/test_pods.py
+
+Unit tests for fetch_pods().
+No real cluster needed — all Kubernetes API calls are mocked.
+
+Run:
+    pytest tests/test_pods.py -v
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timezone, timedelta
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock
+
+import pytest
+
+from app.k8s_client import fetch_pods
+
+# ── Fixtures ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+def _make_container_status(restart_count=0, ready=True):
+    cs = MagicMock()
+    cs.restart_count = restart_count
+    cs.ready = ready
+    return cs
+
+
+def _make_pod(
+    name="pod-1",
+    namespace="default",
+    phase="Running",
+    ready_status="True",
+    restarts=0,
+    node_name="k3s-worker-1",
+    created_minutes_ago=60,
+    container_statuses=None,
+):
+    pod = MagicMock()
+    pod.metadata.name = name
+    pod.metadata.namespace = namespace
+    pod.metadata.creation_timestamp = datetime.now(timezone.utc) - timedelta(
+        minutes=created_minutes_ago
+    )
+    pod.status.phase = phase
+    pod.status.conditions = [
+        _cond("Ready", ready_status),
+        _cond("ContainersReady", ready_status),
+        _cond("PodScheduled", "True"),
+        _cond("Initialized", "True"),
+    ]
+    pod.status.container_statuses = container_statuses or [
+        _make_container_status(restart_count=restarts)
+    ]
+    pod.spec.node_name = node_name
+    return pod
+
+
+def _cond(type_: str, status: str):
+    c = MagicMock()
+    c.type = type_
+    c.status = status
+    return c
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def mock_core(monkeypatch):
+    mock = MagicMock()
+    monkeypatch.setattr("app.k8s_client.get_core", lambda: mock)
+    return mock
+
+
+# ── fetch_pods() — return shape ────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class TestFetchPodsShape:
+    def test_returns_list_of_dicts(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [_make_pod()]
+        result = fetch_pods("all")
+        assert isinstance(result, list)
+        assert isinstance(result[0], dict)
+
+    def test_all_keys_present(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [_make_pod()]
+        pod = fetch_pods("all")[0]
+        assert set(pod.keys()) == {
+            "namespace",
+            "name",
+            "ready",
+            "phase",
+            "restarts",
+            "node",
+            "age",
+        }
+
+    def test_empty_result(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = []
+        assert fetch_pods("all") == []
+
+
+# ── fetch_pods() — namespace routing ──────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class TestNamespaceRouting:
+    def test_all_namespace_uses_cluster_wide_call(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = []
+        fetch_pods("all")
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.assert_called_once()
+        mock_core.list_namespaced_pod.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_specific_namespace_uses_namespaced_call(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_namespaced_pod.return_value.items = []
+        fetch_pods("kube-system")
+        mock_core.list_namespaced_pod.assert_called_once_with(namespace="kube-system")
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.assert_not_called()
+
+    def test_namespace_preserved_in_result(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_namespaced_pod.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(namespace="kube-system")
+        ]
+        pod = fetch_pods("kube-system")[0]
+        assert pod["namespace"] == "kube-system"
+
+
+# ── fetch_pods() — readiness ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class TestPodReadiness:
+    def test_ready_pod(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(ready_status="True")
+        ]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["ready"] is True
+
+    def test_not_ready_pod(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(ready_status="False")
+        ]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["ready"] is False
+
+    def test_ready_is_bool_not_string(self, mock_core):
+        """Regression: condition.status is the string 'True', must be cast to bool."""
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(ready_status="True")
+        ]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["ready"] is True
+        assert not isinstance(fetch_pods("all")[0]["ready"], str)
+
+    def test_running_but_not_ready(self, mock_core):
+        """phase=Running does NOT mean ready. This is the key gotcha."""
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(phase="Running", ready_status="False")
+        ]
+        pod = fetch_pods("all")[0]
+        assert pod["phase"] == "Running"
+        assert pod["ready"] is False  # not the same thing
+
+
+# ── fetch_pods() — phase ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class TestPodPhase:
+    @pytest.mark.parametrize("phase", ["Running", "Pending", "Failed", "Succeeded"])
+    def test_phase_preserved(self, mock_core, phase):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(phase=phase)
+        ]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["phase"] == phase
+
+    def test_none_phase_becomes_unknown(self, mock_core):
+        pod = _make_pod()
+        pod.status.phase = None
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [pod]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["phase"] == "Unknown"
+
+
+# ── fetch_pods() — restarts ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class TestPodRestarts:
+    def test_zero_restarts(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(restarts=0)
+        ]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["restarts"] == 0
+
+    def test_nonzero_restarts(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(restarts=7)
+        ]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["restarts"] == 7
+
+    def test_restarts_summed_across_containers(self, mock_core):
+        """Multi-container pods sum restarts from all containers."""
+        pod = _make_pod(
+            container_statuses=[
+                _make_container_status(restart_count=3),
+                _make_container_status(restart_count=5),
+            ]
+        )
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [pod]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["restarts"] == 8
+
+    def test_null_container_statuses_handled(self, mock_core):
+        """Pending pods have no container_statuses yet — must not raise."""
+        pod = _make_pod()
+        pod.status.container_statuses = None
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [pod]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["restarts"] == 0
+
+
+# ── fetch_pods() — edge cases ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+
+class TestPodEdgeCases:
+    def test_null_conditions_handled(self, mock_core):
+        pod = _make_pod()
+        pod.status.conditions = None
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [pod]
+        result = fetch_pods("all")
+        assert result[0]["ready"] is False
+
+    def test_null_node_name(self, mock_core):
+        """Pending pods are not yet scheduled to a node."""
+        pod = _make_pod()
+        pod.spec.node_name = None
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [pod]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["node"] == "—"
+
+    def test_multiple_pods(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(name="pod-a", namespace="default"),
+            _make_pod(name="pod-b", namespace="kube-system"),
+        ]
+        result = fetch_pods("all")
+        assert len(result) == 2
+        assert {r["name"] for r in result} == {"pod-a", "pod-b"}
+
+    def test_age_minutes(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(created_minutes_ago=25)
+        ]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["age"] == "25m"
+
+    def test_age_hours(self, mock_core):
+        mock_core.list_pod_for_all_namespaces.return_value.items = [
+            _make_pod(created_minutes_ago=180)
+        ]
+        assert fetch_pods("all")[0]["age"] == "3h"